標(biāo)題：AZFP論文：從海冰到海豹：北極的一個(gè)系泊海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)站
Abstract
Although Arctic marine ecosystems are changing rapidly, year-round monitoring is currently very limited and presents multiple challenges unique to this region. The Chukchi Ecosystem Observatory (CEO) described here uses new sensor technologies to meet needs for continuous, highresolution, and year-round observations across all levels of the ecosystem in the biologically productive and seasonally ice-covered Chukchi Sea off the northwest coast of Alaska. This mooring array records a broad suite of variables that facilitate observations, yielding better understanding of physical, chemical, and biological couplings, phenologies, and the overall state of this Arctic shelf marine ecosystem. While cold temperatures and 8 months of sea ice cover present challenging conditions for the operation of the CEO, this extreme environment also serves as a rigorous test bed for innovative ecosystem monitoring strategies. Here, we present data from the 2015–2016 CEO deployments that provide new perspectives on the seasonal evolution of sea ice, water column structure, and physical properties, annual cycles in nitrate, dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton blooms, and export, zooplankton abundance and vertical migration, the occurrence of Arctic cod, and vocalizations of marine mammals such as bearded seals. These integrated ecosystem observations are being combined with ship-based observations and modeling to produce a time series that documents biological community responses to changing seasonal sea ice and water temperatures while establishing a scientific basis for ecosystem management.
摘要：
盡管北極海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)正在迅速變化，但目前全年監(jiān)測(cè)非常有限，并帶來(lái)了該地區(qū)特有的多重挑戰(zhàn)。這里描述的楚科奇生態(tài)系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)站（CEO）使用新的傳感器技術(shù)來(lái)滿(mǎn)足對(duì)阿拉斯加西北海岸生物生產(chǎn)力和季節(jié)性冰層覆蓋的楚科奇海各級(jí)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行連續(xù)、高分辨率和全年觀測(cè)的需求。該系泊陣列記錄了一系列有助于觀測(cè)的變量，從而更好地了解物理、化學(xué)和生物耦合、物候以及北極陸架海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的整體狀態(tài)。盡管寒冷的氣溫和8個(gè)月的海冰覆蓋對(duì)首席執(zhí)行官的運(yùn)營(yíng)構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)，但這種極端環(huán)境也是創(chuàng)新生態(tài)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)策略的嚴(yán)格試驗(yàn)臺(tái)。在這里，我們展示了2015-2016年首席執(zhí)行官部署的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)為海冰的季節(jié)性演變、水柱結(jié)構(gòu)和物理性質(zhì)、硝酸鹽、溶解氧、浮游植物水華和出口的年度周期、浮游動(dòng)物豐度和垂直遷移、北極鱈魚(yú)的出現(xiàn)以及胡須海豹等海洋哺乳動(dòng)物的發(fā)聲提供了新的視角。這些綜合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)正在與基于船舶的觀測(cè)和建模相結(jié)合，以產(chǎn)生一個(gè)時(shí)間序列，記錄生物群落對(duì)季節(jié)性海冰和水溫變化的反應(yīng)，同時(shí)為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理奠定科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。
關(guān)鍵詞：AZFP魚(yú)類(lèi)浮游動(dòng)物聲學(xué)剖面儀，系泊海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)站，Echosounder 回聲探測(cè)儀，海洋魚(yú)類(lèi)調(diào)查
